This paper is one of a series of working papers commissioned by the Global Partnership for Education (GPE) Knowledge and Innovation Exchange (KIX), a joint endeavour with Canada’s International Development Research Centre (IDRC), to inform its applied research and knowledge exchange activities. This paper summarises key priorities surfaced through consultations with relevant education stakeholders in GPE partner countries and the review of selected country documents and literature related to children and youth who are out of school and children who are at risk of dropping out of school in emergency contexts and countries impacted by fragility, conflict or violence.